-기는커녕 / N은/는커녕
far from, let alone
ระดับ 4 · คำเชื่อมประโยค
คำอธิบาย
Flatly denies the expected first clause; the second gives the opposite or something far less, often with 도, 조차, 오히려. Attaches to stems (-기는커녕) or nouns (은/는커녕).
ตัวอย่าง
살이 빠지기는커녕 오히려 더 쪘어요.
Far from losing weight, I actually gained.
바빠서 점심은커녕 물 한 잔도 못 마셨어요.
I was so busy I couldn't even drink water, let alone have lunch.
칭찬은커녕 꾸중만 들었다.
Far from praise, I just got scolded.
ข้อสังเกต TOPIK
TOPIK II Reading 1–2, 16–18.