N(으)로 인해(서) / 인한 N
due to, caused by (formal)
ระดับ 5 · สำนวน
คำอธิบาย
States a cause in writing and news. After a noun: 으로 인해 after a consonant, 로 인해 after a vowel or ㄹ; as a modifier (으)로 인한 N. Like N 때문에 but more formal.
ตัวอย่าง
폭설로 인해 항공편이 모두 취소되었다.
All flights were cancelled due to heavy snow.
스트레스로 인한 질병이 늘고 있다.
Stress-related illnesses are increasing.
공사로 인해 불편을 드려 죄송합니다.
We apologise for the inconvenience caused by construction.
ข้อสังเกต TOPIK
TOPIK II Reading 25–27 (headlines), 32–34; Writing 53.