-(으)ㄴ/는 데다(가)
on top of, in addition to
Level 4 · Connective
Explanation
Adds a fact in the same direction (both good or both bad). Verbs take 는 데다가, past verbs and adjectives (으)ㄴ 데다가; nouns 인 데다가. The second clause often has 도 or 까지.
Examples
그 식당은 비싼 데다가 불친절해요.
That restaurant is expensive, and the service is rude too.
비가 오는 데다가 바람까지 불어요.
It's raining, and windy on top of that.
밤을 새운 데다가 아침도 못 먹어서 힘들어요.
I stayed up all night and skipped breakfast, so I'm exhausted.
TOPIK note
TOPIK II Reading 1–2, 3–4 (≈ -(으)ㄹ 뿐만 아니라).