-ㅂ니다/습니다
formal polite ending
Level 1 · Akhiran kalimat
Penjelasan
The formal polite ending used in announcements, speeches and the news. Vowel stems take ㅂ니다, consonant stems 습니다; questions use -ㅂ니까/습니까?. ㄹ-stems drop ㄹ (살다 → 삽니다).
Contoh
만나서 반갑습니다.
Nice to meet you.
열차가 곧 도착합니다.
The train will arrive soon.
어디에 삽니까?
Where do you live?
Catatan TOPIK
TOPIK I Reading 40–42 (notices) and announcement items in Listening.